主题：Cao Xueqin Memorial Hall is lo

Cao Xueqin Memorial Hall is located in No. 39, Zhengbaqi of Xiangshan Mountain in Beijing, which is 2 kilometers distance to the north of Sleeping Buddha Temple. Cao Xueqin, his giving name is Zhan, being called as Xueqin, Qinxi Hermit or Qinxi Scholar. He is the author of the Chinese famous of full-length novel, Dream of Red Chamber. He was born in an aristocratic family in Nanjing. When he was 13 years old, his father, Cao Ying was arrested to Beijing due to an economic deficit case. He was first lived at the place of Suanshikou at Chongwenmenwa Street. His family was moved for many times. In Qian Long 9th Year (the year 1744), he retuned to his ancestor's residence, Zhengbaiqi at Xiangshan Mountain. He lived in poverty and suffered the painfulness that his wife died in his middle age and his son died when he is old-aged. It takes him 10 years to finish the first 80 chapters of the Dream of Red Chamber. He died in the New Year's Eve in Qian Long 28th year (the year 1764). Ever since the novel, Dream of Red Chamber comes to the world, Cao Xueqin's family story, life, the village site and residence that he mentioned in his novel "create the book in Huangye Village" are always the subject of those scholars specialized in the Dream of Red Chamber research and the novel's fans. On April 4, 1971, the owner of the house at No. 39 Zhenghuangqi found the poem and ink traces on the surface of the west wall of the west house. Some of the scholars who specialized in the Dream of Red Chamber research thought that it may have reference to Cao Xueqin and the house should be Cao Xueqin's former residence. On April 22, 1983, China Cao Xueqin Seminar built up Cao Xueqin Memorial there.
There are four old style houses with tile roof located in the north and faced the south in the memorial. Among which, three east house include two bright houses and one dark house. The west house is a single room. A courtyard that preserved the residence style of those "Qiren" aristocrats entitled as "Chuanling" or "Zuoling" in the Qing Dynasty is located out. "Warm Attic"(in Man Nationality language) that mentioned in the Dream of Red Chamber refers to the rear building lived by "Chuangling" or "Zuoling". In the novel, Baoyu and Daiyu were lived in the warm attic in their childhood. There are steps in 4 layers in the entrance gate of the memorial. On the step, there is a guarding courtyard with the "daughter wall" and a "Qingshuiji" gate. The memorial includes five exhibition rooms and a small-scale "forest" of steles. The first exhibition room is allocated in accordance with the life custom of "Qiren" people at that time. Among which, the "ancestor's stick", Mama's pocket, picture case, bar table and other things are collected from those local aged "Qiren" people.It reappears the life of the "Qiren" people at that time. The second room is the study room named as "Fight against the Wind Room", which is the place that the poems are found. The poems and ink traces in the west ring are reproduced in accordance with the original photo. The third room shows a serious mud sculpture solid graph. The graph takes Cao Xueqin Memorial as its center, and it extends from the Hongkou Maintain in the east to phoenix Maintain in the west. Among which, the landscapes that may have reference to Cao Xueqin's life and creation are marked with the white plate, which present Cao Xueqin's life and creation surroundings. The fourth room displays a pair of book trunks and 11 poems and ink traces on the wall that have close tie to Cao Xueqin. Those two series of culture relics are precious documents for study Cao Xueqin's life, family past and the creation of the Dream of Red Chamber. The box trunks are the gift sent by Cao Xueqin's friend when he is married again in Qian Long 25th Year (the year 1760). A hard stone and orchid are drawn on the book trunk using clumsy painting skill. The words "sentences wrote for Qinxi Scholar" can be found near the hard stone and the orchid. In the book trunk, it is said that there are two sentences of a poem wrote by Cao Xueqing, a piece of eight-line poem wrote by his new wife, Fangqing in order to mourn for him, and five regular scripts wrote by Cao Xueqin for Fangqing. The book trunk is very valuable for studying Cao Xueqing's former residence, death reason, death year, and the situation of the later continued 40 chapters. The fifth room is an integrative exhibition room to highlight the styles and features of "Qiren" People. The exhibition works includes some custom cultural relics that are mentioned in the Dream of Red Chamer, such as nine interlinks, long life lock, chisel and etc. It also exhibits some disputing articles of the scholars specialized in the research of the Dream of Red Chamber that have different views on Cao Xueqin's former residence. The small-scale "forest" of steles is located out of the west wall of the memorial. Those steles are collected from the mountainside, old temple and desolate graves near the memorial, among which, there is a stele of Cao Ying.

According to the textual research of the scholars specialized in the research of the Dream of Red Chamber, many of the artistic writings in the novel are enlightened by the nature landscapes around Xiangshan Mountain, in particular those eight sights in the former residence. Those unique sights are: 1. Pagoda Tree and Cool Summer: There are three pagoda threes in the front of the memorial. The tree nubble is quite strange and the tree leafs are green. When in the summer, the tree shadow blocked the sunlight in the front of the former residence. A wryneck pagoda tree in the east has more than 400 years history. 2. Looking into Distance from the Ancient Tower in Autumn: The ancient tower, is the military watchtower built up in Xiangshan Mountain in Qiang Long 14th Year. It stands on the golden mountainside in the east of the memorial. The tourists can reach its top by walking alone the step. In the autumn, the scholars will climb on this tower and looking at the golden yellow leafs flying and the cloud floating around the Xishan Mountain. They would read poems and sing songs. 3. Flying Willows near the River Wall: In the west side of the memorial, there are is a river wall in 10 miles length built around the Zhengbaiqi to Yuquanshan Mountain. And the water groove is dig on the stone step. Willows are planted around the wall. 4. Old Well and Slight Wave: In the northwest of the memorial, there is a large well. It is dig in the period of building Eight "Qi" barrack at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. Green moss coved the wall of the well. The well is so deep so that it rather scares the tourists. You can find the ripples in the well. 5. The Deserted Shoe-shaped Stone. It is located near the water resource of the Cherry Channel. The stone looks like the shoe-shaped gold. So people call it as Shoe-shaped stone. It is 5-6 meters in height and 7-8 meters in length. It is said that once Nu Wa repaired the sky there, the stone was useless in sky repairing the sky so it was desert in this place. In the Chapter One of the Dream of Red Chamber, the book mentions, "the stone looks like a treasure, but actually it is useless". People said that it refers to this stone. 6. Marriage of Wood and Stone: it is located in the south of the sight "The Deserted Shoe-shaped Stone". A strange cypress in several hundreds age is produced on the huge stone. Its root has produced a crake on the stone. So it is called as "Pine on Stone". It is said that the love story description of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu in the Dream of Red Chamber, "the Preexisted Oath of Wood and Stone", is enlightened by this sight. 7. Guangquan Old Well: it is located on the top of the north hill of the Berry Channel. There is a Quanquan Temple in the north of the well in the period of the Ming and Qing Dynasty. Now it is wasted and deserted. 8. A Fist of Hard Stone: it is a huge stone under Wenfeng Pavilion in Xiangshan Mountain. The Qing Long Emperor found that is outward appearance looks like a fist, so he wrote "A Fist of Stone" on the stone. In addition, in the beach in the west of Biyun Temple and Zhengbaiqi in Xiangshan Mountain, people can find a kind of black stone that can be used to paint the eyebrow. Someone said that the name of "Lin Daiyu" stems from the black stone of the village because the black stone is called as "eyebrow stone" or "Black Jade" by the local people. And others said that the "Sleeping Buddha Temple" is the mold of "Magic Sight in Heaven" described in the Dream of Red Chamber.